For quota accounting purposes, the size of cross-origin AppCache resources will be padded. Cross-origin resources are resources whose origin differs from the manifest's origin. The size padding will be a random number, uniformly distributed between 0 and about 14MB. Quota accounting purposes include the size reported by the Quota API and quota enforcement (an origin's storage API calls are blocked when the origin exceeds its quota).
AppCache can be used in conjunction with the Quota API to learn the size of cross-origin resources. This has the same implications as the Cache Storage + Quota API attack described in the HEIST paper in USENIX 2016.
Docs: https://tom.vg/papers/request_and_conquer_usenix2016.pdf https://tom.vg/2016/08/request-and-conquer/
Explainers: No explainer is available. The description here serves as the announcement for this change.